Strategia / 1.2592.6 / by Supercell / 69.66M

Strategia / 1.0.41 / 99.00M

Strategia / 1.12.7 / by ninja kiwi / 67.00M

Strategia / v1.4 / by Bitszer / 94.00M

Strategia / 1.3.100 / 1.23M

Strategia / 2.0.12 / by WISJOY ENTERTAINMENT HK / 79.00M

Strategia / v1.4.6 / by Touch Foo / 55.79M

Strategia / v1.06 / by Valsar / 53.12M

Strategia / v44 / 105.00M

Strategia / 6.6 / 81.01M

Strategia / 0.8.0 / 175.05M

Strategia / v1.4 / 78.10M

Strategia / 5.3 / 94.23M

Strategia / 1.0 / by bwild / 38.00M

Strategia / 1.3.1 / by uselessnatz / 32.00M